八年级英语上册模块12帮助知识点归纳(外部研究版)

Module12 Help
Unit1 What should we do before help arrives?
1.first aid 急救
He succeeded with the aid/help of a hammer.
借助于锤子，他获得了成功。
2.base n.    medicine n.
  basic medical help
3. imagine  v.
  imagine sth.
  imagine doing
  imagine 从句
1) I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind.
我可以清楚地想像出那个情景.
2)Can you imagine flying like a bird in the sky?
3)She can’t imagine that he has done such a foolish thing.
I couldn’t imagine how beautiful the scenery was.
  imagination n.
 He is full of imagination.他想象力很丰富。
=He is imaginative.
[ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富于想像力的
4.at the bottom of the valley在谷底
 at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下
at the top of the roof在屋顶
We walked up a flight of stairs.(一段楼梯)
go down the stairs= go downstairs  adv.
the man upstairs/downstairs楼上的人/楼下的人
5.区分voice, noise和sound
She has a sweet voice.(n.嗓子,嗓音)
There’s so much noise.(n.噪音)
It’s noisy here.(adj.吵闹的)
It’s rude to talk noisily. (adv.喧闹地，喧哗地)
She was too frightened to make a sound.
I woke up listening to the sound of birds singing every morning while I was in the countryside.
当我在乡下时，每天清晨听着鸟儿的歌声醒来。
(sound n.泛指自然界的各种声音)
6. be in pain= be painful
As the old saying goes, ”No pains, no gains.” 正如那句谚语所说：“不劳无获。”
区分sore, hurt, pain，ache
sore [sɔ:(r)] adj. 多指(因发炎)疼痛的，酸痛的
have a sore throat 嗓子痛
hurt adj.受伤的，一般是外伤，be/get hurt
 也可以指情感、自尊的受伤
What he said just now hurt me deeply.
vt. 伤害 hurt sb/oneself
vi. 疼痛  My head hurts a lot. 我的头很痛。
pain  n.可指(因受伤或生病而)疼，痛，痛苦
He felt a sharp pain in his knee。
用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力
take pains to do sth.
=make efforts to do sth.= try to do sth.
ache n.多指(身体某部位的持续性) 持续的疼痛
have a toothache(牙痛)/headache(头痛) /backache(背痛)/stomachache(肚子痛)
have an earache耳朵痛
7. first of all 首先= above all
 next,…then,… finally… （表示顺序的连接词，使得事情陈述有条理，写作时值得参考！）
what’s more= besides而且
8. 区分look for, fine和find out
1) He _______ his lost pen everywhere, but he didn’t ______ it at last. (looked for, find)
2) Please ______ who broke the vase.(find out)
9. What’s wrong with…？
 What’s the matter/trouble with…?
10.But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。could表示推测，就相当于might
have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth.
11.shout/cry/call for help
12.call 120/110/119/the police
13.make him comfortable
comfort  v. 安慰
Thank you for comforting me.
14.lift sb. up  vt. (代词宾格只能放中间)
  lift me/him/her up  (lifted)
He is strong enough to lift the heavy furniture.
a lift (n.) = an elevator [ˈelɪveɪtə(r)]  AmE
15. sit him on a chair= let/make him take a seat
16.do harm to…  n.
   be harmful to=be bad for
Polluted air is quite harmful to our health.
17.drop v.& n.   
1)I was so careless that I dropped my glasses and broke them.我很马虎，居然把眼镜掉下来摔碎了。
2)He felt hot tears dropping onto his fingers.
 他感觉到热泪掉到他的手指上。
  a drop of water 一滴水
18. hurt him even more
19. do some medical training
20. Make sure+从句
be sure of/about…
be sure to do sth.
sb. be sure +从句
1)Make sure that you follow the rules.
2)Are you sure of his arrival this evening?
你确定他今晚会来吗？
3)I am sure to succeed. 我一定会成功的。
= I’m sure of/about my success.
=I’m sure that I will be successful..
21. cover…with…
The thief covered his face with a piece of cloth and carried a sharp knife in his left hand.
这个小偷用一块布蒙着脸，左手拿着一把锋利的刀。
be covered with…
Three fourths of the world’s surface is covered with water.地球表面四分之三的面积被水覆盖着。
22.区分such…that…和so …that
She was such a brave girl that she saved the baby out of the big fire alone.
=The girl was so brave that she saved…..
23. cause a lot of pain/trouble/damage
造成很多痛苦/麻烦/损害
cause sb. sth      
cause sb. to do sth.
the cause of
the reason for
24.move v. 移动，搬动 vi. 搬家；行动；
vt. 提议；使感动；摇动；变化 n. 改变；迁移
 The film was moving. He was deeply moved.
25. a piece of furniture
 There is so much furniture in this market.
26. glass n. 玻璃杯 【C】，眼镜(通常用复数)
two glasses of red wine两杯红酒
It was careless of him to break his glasses. As a result, he couldn’t see the blackboard clearly.
            玻璃 【U】(材料时不可数)
The dinner table is made of glass.这个餐桌是由玻璃做成的。

Unit2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.
1. stay/keep away from 远离…
2. in/during an earthquake
3. warn sb. about/of sth.
   warn sb. not to do sth.
   warn sb. against (doing) sth.
He warned the driver about/of the slippy road.
He warned his son not to fight with others.
I warned him against swimming in the pond.
4. have little or no idea about…
5. jump/rush/run/climb/get out of/into…
6.keep clear of fires 不接触火，要摆脱火灾
Her home caught fire and everything was destroyed. 她家失了火，所有的东西都烧毁了。
Her kitchen is on fire.她的厨房着火了！
7.stop doing sth.
  stop to do sth.
8. use the lift/elevator
9. stay/keep calm/cool保持冷静/镇静
10. be helpful to sb.
11. street lights街灯
12. power lines输电线
   powerful  adj.
What a powerful dog it is!
=How powerful the dog is!
13. be careful of/with 注意,小心(后接名词,动名词或从句)
14. falling rocks/leaves/sand  正在下落的岩石/树叶/沙子
sleeping car/bag  卧铺/睡袋  swimming pool
(v.-ing做定语，强调进行意义或用途)
   fallen leaves (已经躺在地面上的)落叶
 broken glass
(过去分词做定语，强调动作已经完成或表示被动)
14. in short= in a word= generally speaking总之
15. follow  v. 跟随;遵循 vt. 理解
My pet dog follows me wherever I go.
无论我走到哪里，我的宠物狗都跟到哪。
I’m sorry I can’t follow you. Would you please speak a little more slowly?
16. You can also help save others.
17. get hit/hurt
18.看起来他很痛苦。
 It looks like he is in pain.
   It seems that he is painful.
   He seems painful.
19.区分because of和because
He was absent from school ____ his bad illness.
=He didn’t come to school_____ he was badly ill.
20.clear the rocks off the roads
把岩石从公路上清除掉
21. by doing
He made a living by pulling a rickshaw.
他以拉黄包车为生。
22.tsunami n.海啸  bubble n. 气泡
23. learn about…了解关于
24. go funny/mad/crazy/hungry/bad
(go相当于一个系动词，后面可接形容词)
25. act quickly
26.be proud of
I am proud of my daughter.
My daughter is my pride. (n. 骄傲)